NASA has released concept images of its first all-electric X-plane, the X-57 Maxwell before its first test flight, which is planned to happen later this year.
The X-57 Maxwell, which is located at the Armstrong Flight Research Center, Edwards Air Force Base in California, aims to show how electric propulsion can help aircraft become more efficient and less polluting. The results of the testing campaign will also be used to help set certification standards for electric aircraft in the USA.
The X-57 is a Tecnam P2006T modified with the addition of an electric propulsion system. NASA is conducting ground and flight tests to compare the X-57 at four different levels of modification and comparing its performance against the baseline P2006T, which is powered by a traditional combustion engine.
Artist’s concept image of NASA’s first all-electric X-plane, the X-57 Maxwell in its final configuration. The Mod IV configuration features a high-aspect ratio wing, relocation of the cruise motors to the wingtips, and 12 smaller high-lift motors with propellers for takeoff and landing (Image: NASA Langley/Advanced Concepts Lab, AMA)
X-57’s smaller high-lift motors will activate along the wing’s leading edge, spinning their propellers and providing lift for takeoff and landing. (Image: NASA Langley/Advanced Concepts Lab, AMA)
During test flights, X-57’s high-lift motors will deactivate during cruise mode, and their propeller blades will fold in to the nacelles to reduce drag. The motors will reactivate and use centrifugal force to spin the blades back out to provide necessary lift for landing.(Image: NASA Langley/Advanced Concepts Lab, AMA)
The X-57 is now in its final all-electric configuration, known as Modification IV, or Mod IV. This configuration features a skinny, high-aspect ratio wing, designed to boost efficiency by reducing drag in flight, and electric cruise motors with five foot diameter propellers on the wingtips, to recover energy that would otherwise be lost to wingtip vortices.
It also has 12 smaller high-lift motors and propellers fitted on to the wing’s leading edge to enable the X-57 to take off at standard speeds. These motors will activate during takeoff, spinning the propellers, and will deactivate during cruise mode, at which point the propeller blades will fold in to the nacelles, as seen in two of the above images, reducing drag.
The X-57 is NASA’s first piloted X-plane in two decades and is one of the more advanced government-funded electric-aircraft development projects in the world. Also in development is the Airbus E-Fan X in the UK, which is expected to fly with a Rolls-Royce hybrid electric propulsion system next year.
